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Romania's flag
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Romania's coat of arms
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Romania is a semi-presidential democratic republic where executive functions
are shared between the president and the prime minister. The president is elected by popular vote,
and resides at Cotroceni Palace. Since the constitutional amendment of 2003,
the president's term is five years (previously it was four).
The Romanian Government, which is based at Victoria Palace, is headed by a prime minister,
who appoints the other members of his or her cabinet and who is nearly always the head of the
party or coalition that holds a majority in the parliament.
If, however, none of the parties hold 50% + 1 of the total seats in parliament,
the president will appoint the prime minister. Before beginning its term,
the government is subject to a parliamentary vote of approval.
The legislative branch of the government, collectively known as the Parliament (Parlamentul Romaniei),
consists of two chambers - the Senate (Senat), which has 137 members,
and the Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputatilor), which has 332 members.
The members of both chambers are elected every four years under a system of party-list proportional representation.
Romania is divided into forty-one counties (judete),
as well as the municipality of Bucharest (Bucuresti), which is its own administrative unit.
Each county is administered by a county council (consiliu judetean), responsible for local affairs,
as well as a prefect, who is appointed by the central government but cannot be a member of any political party.
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