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Romania's physical map
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Topography
Romania's natural landscape is almost evenly divided among mountains (31 percent), hills (33 percent),
and plains (36 percent). These varied relief forms spread rather symmetrically from the Carpathian Mountains,
which reach elevations of more than 2,400 meters, to the Danube Delta, which is just a few meters above sea level.
Rivers
After entering the country in the southwest at Bazias, the Danube travels some 1,075 kilometers
(almost 40% of its entire length) through or along Romanian territory, forming the southern frontier with
Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. Virtually all of the country's rivers are tributaries of the Danube,
either directly or indirectly, and by the time the Danube's course ends in the Black Sea,
they account for nearly 40 percent of the total discharge.
The most important of these rivers are the Mures River, the Olt River, the Prut, the Siret River,
the Ialomita River, the Somes River, and the Arges River.
Climate
Because of its position on the southeastern portion of the European continent,
Romania has a climate that is transitional between temperate and continental.
Climatic conditions are somewhat modified by the country's varied relief.
The Carpathians serve as a barrier to Atlantic air masses, restricting their
oceanic influences to the west and center of the country, where they make for
milder winters and heavier rainfall. The mountains also block the continental
influences of the vast plain to the north in the Ukraine, which bring frosty
winters and less rain to the south and southeast.
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